Module org.apache.sis.util
Package org.apache.sis.measure

Class Units

Object
Static
Units
public final class Units extends Static
Provides constants for various Units of Measurement together with static methods working on Unit instances. Unit names and definitions in this class follow the definitions provided in the EPSG geodetic dataset (when the unit exists in that dataset), except “year” which has been renamed “tropical year”. This class focuses on the most commonly used units in the geospatial domain: angular units (degree, arc-second, …), linear units (kilometre, nautical mile, …) and temporal units (day, year, …), but some other kind of units are also provided for completeness. The main quantities are listed below, together with some related units:
Some quantities and related units
Quantity typeSystem unitSome conventional units
Fundamental:
Length (L) METRE CENTIMETRE, KILOMETRE, NAUTICAL_MILE, STATUTE_MILE, FOOT
Mass (M) KILOGRAM
Time (T) SECOND MILLISECOND, MINUTE, HOUR, DAY, WEEK, TROPICAL_YEAR
ElectricCurrent (I) AMPERE
Temperature (Θ) KELVIN CELSIUS, FAHRENHEIT
AmountOfSubstance (N) MOLE
LuminousIntensity (J) CANDELA
Dimensionless:
Angle RADIAN DEGREE, ARC_MINUTE, ARC_SECOND, GRAD
SolidAngle STERADIAN
Derived:
Area (A) SQUARE_METRE HECTARE
Volume (V) CUBIC_METRE
Speed (ν) METRES_PER_SECOND KILOMETRES_PER_HOUR
Pressure PASCAL HECTOPASCAL, DECIBAR, BAR, ATMOSPHERE
Since:
0.3

  • Field Details

    • NANOMETRE

      public static final Unit<Length> NANOMETRE
      Unit of measurement defined as 10-9 metres (1 nm). This unit is often used in wavelength measurements. The system unit is METRE and the unlocalized name is "nanometre".
      Related units
      SI length units: NANOMETRE, MILLIMETRE, CENTIMETRE, METRE, KILOMETRE.
      Non-SI units: POINT, INCH, FOOT, CLARKE_FOOT, US_SURVEY_FOOT, STATUTE_MILE, NAUTICAL_MILE.
      Derived units: SQUARE_METRE, CUBIC_METRE, METRES_PER_SECOND.
      Since:
      0.8
      See Also:

    • MILLIMETRE

      public static final Unit<Length> MILLIMETRE
      Unit of measurement defined as 0.001 metres (1 mm). The system unit is METRE, the unlocalized name is “millimetre” and the identifier is EPSG:1025.
      Related units
      SI length units: NANOMETRE, MILLIMETRE, CENTIMETRE, METRE, KILOMETRE.
      Non-SI units: POINT, INCH, FOOT, CLARKE_FOOT, US_SURVEY_FOOT, STATUTE_MILE, NAUTICAL_MILE.
      Derived units: SQUARE_METRE, CUBIC_METRE, METRES_PER_SECOND.
      Since:
      0.8

    • CENTIMETRE

      public static final Unit<Length> CENTIMETRE
      Unit of measurement defined as 0.01 metres (1 cm). The system unit is METRE, the unlocalized name is “centimetre” and the identifier is EPSG:1033.
      Related units
      SI length units: NANOMETRE, MILLIMETRE, CENTIMETRE, METRE, KILOMETRE.
      Non-SI units: POINT, INCH, FOOT, CLARKE_FOOT, US_SURVEY_FOOT, STATUTE_MILE, NAUTICAL_MILE.
      Derived units: SQUARE_METRE, CUBIC_METRE, METRES_PER_SECOND.
      Since:
      0.8

    • METRE

      public static final Unit<Length> METRE
      The SI base unit for distances (m). The unlocalized name is “metre” and the identifier is EPSG:9001. This is the base of all other linear units.
      Related units
      SI length units: NANOMETRE, MILLIMETRE, CENTIMETRE, METRE, KILOMETRE.
      Non-SI units: POINT, INCH, FOOT, CLARKE_FOOT, US_SURVEY_FOOT, STATUTE_MILE, NAUTICAL_MILE.
      Derived units: SQUARE_METRE, CUBIC_METRE, METRES_PER_SECOND.
      Since:
      0.8

    • KILOMETRE

      public static final Unit<Length> KILOMETRE
      Unit of measurement defined as 1000 metres (1 km). The system unit is METRE, the unlocalized name is “kilometre” and the identifier is EPSG:9036.
      Related units
      SI length units: NANOMETRE, MILLIMETRE, CENTIMETRE, METRE, KILOMETRE.
      Non-SI units: POINT, INCH, FOOT, CLARKE_FOOT, US_SURVEY_FOOT, STATUTE_MILE, NAUTICAL_MILE.
      Derived units: SQUARE_METRE, CUBIC_METRE, KILOMETRES_PER_HOUR.
      Since:
      0.8

    • NAUTICAL_MILE

      public static final Unit<Length> NAUTICAL_MILE
      Unit of measurement defined as exactly 1852 metres (1 M). This is approximately the distance between two parallels of latitude separated by one arc-minute. The system unit is METRE, the unlocalized name is “nautical mile” and the identifier is EPSG:9030.

      There is no internationally agreed symbol for nautical mile. Apache SIS uses “M” in agreement with the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) and the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM). But “NM” and “nmi” are also in use.

      Related units
      SI length units: NANOMETRE, MILLIMETRE, CENTIMETRE, METRE, KILOMETRE.
      Non-SI units: POINT, INCH, FOOT, CLARKE_FOOT, US_SURVEY_FOOT, STATUTE_MILE, NAUTICAL_MILE.
      Derived units: SQUARE_METRE, CUBIC_METRE, KILOMETRES_PER_HOUR.
      Since:
      0.8

    • STATUTE_MILE

      public static final Unit<Length> STATUTE_MILE
      Unit of measurement defined as exactly 1609.344 metres (1 mi). This unit is often named “mile” without qualifier, but Apache SIS uses “statute mile” for emphasing the difference with nautical mile. The system unit is METRE. The unlocalized name is “statute mile” but is localized as "international mile" in the US for avoiding confusion with the US survey mile. The identifier is EPSG:9093.
      Related units
      SI length units: NANOMETRE, MILLIMETRE, CENTIMETRE, METRE, KILOMETRE.
      Non-SI units: POINT, INCH, FOOT, CLARKE_FOOT, US_SURVEY_FOOT, STATUTE_MILE, NAUTICAL_MILE.
      Derived units: SQUARE_METRE, CUBIC_METRE, KILOMETRES_PER_HOUR.
      Since:
      0.8

    • US_SURVEY_FOOT

      public static final Unit<Length> US_SURVEY_FOOT
      Unit of measurement approximately equals to 0.3048006096… metres. The legal definition is exactly 12/39.37 metres. The system unit is METRE, the unlocalized name is “US survey foot” and the identifier is EPSG:9003.
      Related units
      SI length units: NANOMETRE, MILLIMETRE, CENTIMETRE, METRE, KILOMETRE.
      Non-SI units: POINT, INCH, FOOT, CLARKE_FOOT, US_SURVEY_FOOT, STATUTE_MILE, NAUTICAL_MILE.
      Derived units: SQUARE_METRE, CUBIC_METRE, METRES_PER_SECOND.
      Since:
      0.8

    • CLARKE_FOOT

      public static final Unit<Length> CLARKE_FOOT
      Unit of measurement defined as 0.3047972654 metres. The system unit is METRE, the unlocalized name is “Clarke’s foot” and the identifier is EPSG:9005.
      Related units
      SI length units: NANOMETRE, MILLIMETRE, CENTIMETRE, METRE, KILOMETRE.
      Non-SI units: POINT, INCH, FOOT, CLARKE_FOOT, US_SURVEY_FOOT, STATUTE_MILE, NAUTICAL_MILE.
      Derived units: SQUARE_METRE, CUBIC_METRE, METRES_PER_SECOND.
      Since:
      0.8

    • INCH

      public static final Unit<Length> INCH
      Unit of measurement defined as 2.54 centimetres (1 in). The system unit is METRE and the unlocalized name is “inch”.
      Related units
      SI length units: NANOMETRE, MILLIMETRE, CENTIMETRE, METRE, KILOMETRE.
      Non-SI units: POINT, INCH, FOOT, CLARKE_FOOT, US_SURVEY_FOOT, STATUTE_MILE, NAUTICAL_MILE.
      Derived units: SQUARE_METRE, CUBIC_METRE, METRES_PER_SECOND.
      Since:
      0.8

    • POINT

      public static final Unit<Length> POINT
      Unit of measurement defined as 0.013837 inch (1 pt). This is commonly used to measure the height of a font. The system unit is METRE and the unlocalized name is “point”.
      Related units
      SI length units: NANOMETRE, MILLIMETRE, CENTIMETRE, METRE, KILOMETRE.
      Non-SI units: POINT, INCH, FOOT, CLARKE_FOOT, US_SURVEY_FOOT, STATUTE_MILE, NAUTICAL_MILE.
      Derived units: SQUARE_METRE, CUBIC_METRE, METRES_PER_SECOND.
      Since:
      0.8

    • SQUARE_METRE

      public static final Unit<Area> SQUARE_METRE
      The SI derived unit for area (m²). The unlocalized name is “square metre”.
      Related units
      SI area units: SQUARE_METRE, HECTARE.
      Derived units: CUBIC_METRE.
      Since:
      0.8

    • HECTARE

      public static final Unit<Area> HECTARE
      Unit of measurement defined as 10,000 square metres (1 ha). One hectare is exactly equals to one hectometre (1 hm²). While not an SI unit, the hectare is often used in the measurement of land. The unlocalized name is “hectare”.
      Related units
      SI area units: SQUARE_METRE, HECTARE.
      Derived units: CUBIC_METRE.
      Since:
      0.8

    • CUBIC_METRE

      public static final Unit<Volume> CUBIC_METRE
      The SI derived unit for volume (m³). The unlocalized name is “cubic metre”.
      Since:
      0.8

    • LITRE

      public static final Unit<Volume> LITRE
      The unit for litre volume (L, l or ℓ). The unlocalized name is “litre”.
      Since:
      0.8

    • STERADIAN

      public static final Unit<SolidAngle> STERADIAN
      The SI unit for solid angles (sr). The unlocalized name is “steradian”.
      Since:
      0.8

    • MICRORADIAN

      public static final Unit<Angle> MICRORADIAN
      Unit of measurement defined as 10-6 radians (1 µrad). The distance of one microradian of latitude on Earth is approximately 2 millimetres. The system unit is RADIAN, the unlocalized name is “microradian” and the identifier is EPSG:9109.
      Related units
      SI angle units: MICRORADIAN, RADIAN.
      Non-SI units: DEGREE, ARC_MINUTE, ARC_SECOND, GRAD.
      Derived units: STERADIAN.
      Since:
      0.8

    • RADIAN

      public static final Unit<Angle> RADIAN
      The SI unit for plane angles (rad). There is 2π radians in a circle. The unlocalized name is “radian” and the identifier is EPSG:9101. This is the base of all other angular units.
      Related units
      SI angle units: MICRORADIAN, RADIAN.
      Non-SI units: DEGREE, ARC_MINUTE, ARC_SECOND, GRAD.
      Derived units: STERADIAN, RADIANS_PER_SECOND.
      Since:
      0.8

    • DEGREE

      public static final Unit<Angle> DEGREE
      Unit of measurement defined as π/180 radians (1°). There is 360° in a circle. The system unit is RADIAN, the unlocalized name is “degree” and the identifier is EPSG:9102.
      Related units
      SI angle units: MICRORADIAN, RADIAN.
      Non-SI units: DEGREE, ARC_MINUTE, ARC_SECOND, GRAD.
      Derived units: STERADIAN.
      Since:
      0.8

    • ARC_MINUTE

      public static final Unit<Angle> ARC_MINUTE
      Unit of measurement defined as 1/60 degree (1′). The distance of one arc-minute of latitude on Earth is approximately 1852 metres (one nautical mile). The system unit is RADIAN, the unlocalized name is “arc-minute” and the identifier is EPSG:9103.
      Related units
      SI angle units: MICRORADIAN, RADIAN.
      Non-SI units: DEGREE, ARC_MINUTE, ARC_SECOND, GRAD.
      Derived units: STERADIAN.
      Since:
      0.8

    • ARC_SECOND

      public static final Unit<Angle> ARC_SECOND
      Unit of measurement defined as 1/(60×60) degree (1″). The distance of one arc-second of latitude on Earth is approximately 31 metres. This unit of measurement is used for rotation terms in Bursa-Wolf parameters. The system unit is RADIAN, the unlocalized name is “arc-second” and the identifier is EPSG:9104.
      Related units
      SI angle units: MICRORADIAN, RADIAN.
      Non-SI units: DEGREE, ARC_MINUTE, ARC_SECOND, GRAD.
      Derived units: STERADIAN.
      Since:
      0.8

    • GRAD

      public static final Unit<Angle> GRAD
      Unit of measurement defined as π/200 radians (1 grad). There is 400 grads in a circle. The system unit is RADIAN, the unlocalized name is “grad”, but the “gon” alias is also accepted. The identifier is EPSG:9105.
      Related units
      SI angle units: MICRORADIAN, RADIAN.
      Non-SI units: DEGREE, ARC_MINUTE, ARC_SECOND, GRAD.
      Derived units: STERADIAN.
      Since:
      0.8

    • MILLISECOND

      public static final Unit<Time> MILLISECOND
      Unit of measurement defined as 10-3 seconds (1 ms). This unit is useful for inter-operability with various methods from the standard Java library. The system unit is SECOND and the unlocalized name is “millisecond”.
      Related units
      SI time units: MILLISECOND, SECOND.
      Non-SI units: MINUTE, HOUR, DAY, WEEK, TROPICAL_YEAR.
      Derived units: METRES_PER_SECOND, HERTZ, BECQUEREL.
      Since:
      0.3
      See Also:

    • SECOND

      public static final Unit<Time> SECOND
      The SI base unit for durations (s). The unlocalized name is “second” and the identifier is EPSG:1040. This is the base of all other temporal units.
      Related units
      SI time units: MILLISECOND, SECOND.
      Non-SI units: MINUTE, HOUR, DAY, WEEK, TROPICAL_YEAR.
      Derived units: METRES_PER_SECOND, HERTZ, BECQUEREL.
      Since:
      0.8

    • MINUTE

      public static final Unit<Time> MINUTE
      Unit of measurement defined as 60 seconds (1 min). The system unit is SECOND and the unlocalized name is “minute”.
      Related units
      SI time units: MILLISECOND, SECOND.
      Non-SI units: MINUTE, HOUR, DAY, WEEK, TROPICAL_YEAR.
      Derived units: METRES_PER_SECOND, HERTZ, BECQUEREL.
      Since:
      0.8

    • HOUR

      public static final Unit<Time> HOUR
      Unit of measurement defined as 60×60 seconds (1 h). The system unit is SECOND and the unlocalized name is “hour”.
      Related units
      SI time units: MILLISECOND, SECOND.
      Non-SI units: MINUTE, HOUR, DAY, WEEK, TROPICAL_YEAR.
      Derived units: KILOMETRES_PER_HOUR, HERTZ, BECQUEREL.
      Since:
      0.8

    • DAY

      public static final Unit<Time> DAY
      Unit of measurement defined as 24×60×60 seconds (1 d). The system unit is SECOND and the unlocalized name is “day”.
      Related units
      SI time units: MILLISECOND, SECOND.
      Non-SI units: MINUTE, HOUR, DAY, WEEK, TROPICAL_YEAR.
      Derived units: KILOMETRES_PER_HOUR, HERTZ, BECQUEREL.
      Since:
      0.8

    • WEEK

      public static final Unit<Time> WEEK
      Unit of measurement defined as 7 days (1 wk). The system unit is SECOND and the unlocalized name is “week”.
      Related units
      SI time units: MILLISECOND, SECOND.
      Non-SI units: MINUTE, HOUR, DAY, WEEK, TROPICAL_YEAR.
      Derived units: KILOMETRES_PER_HOUR, HERTZ, BECQUEREL.
      Since:
      0.8

    • TROPICAL_YEAR

      public static final Unit<Time> TROPICAL_YEAR
      Unit of measurement approximately equals to 365.24219 days (1 a). This is defined by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) as exactly 31556925.445 seconds, taken as the length of the tropical year in the year 2000. The system unit is SECOND, the unlocalized name is “year” and the identifier is EPSG:1029.
      Related units
      SI time units: MILLISECOND, SECOND.
      Non-SI units: MINUTE, HOUR, DAY, WEEK, TROPICAL_YEAR.
      Derived units: KILOMETRES_PER_HOUR, HERTZ, BECQUEREL.
      Since:
      0.8

    • HERTZ

      public static final Unit<Frequency> HERTZ
      The SI derived unit for frequency (Hz). One hertz is equal to one cycle per second. The unlocalized name is “hertz”.
      Related units
      Components:SECOND-1
      Since:
      0.8

    • RADIANS_PER_SECOND

      public static final Unit<AngularVelocity> RADIANS_PER_SECOND
      The unit for angular velocity (rad/s). The identifier is EPSG:1035.
      Related units
      Components: RADIAN ∕ SECOND
      Since:
      0.8

    • METRES_PER_SECOND

      public static final Unit<Speed> METRES_PER_SECOND
      The SI derived unit for speed (m/s). The unlocalized name is “metres per second” and the identifier is EPSG:1026.
      Related units
      SI speed units: METRES_PER_SECOND.
      Non-SI units: KILOMETRES_PER_HOUR.
      Components: METRE ∕ SECOND
      Since:
      0.8

    • KILOMETRES_PER_HOUR

      public static final Unit<Speed> KILOMETRES_PER_HOUR
      Unit of measurement defined as 1/3.6 metres per second (1 km/h). The system unit is METRES_PER_SECOND and the unlocalized name is “kilometres per hour”.
      Related units
      SI speed units: METRES_PER_SECOND.
      Non-SI units: KILOMETRES_PER_HOUR.
      Components: KILOMETRE ∕ HOUR
      Since:
      0.8

    • METRES_PER_SECOND_SQUARED

      public static final Unit<Acceleration> METRES_PER_SECOND_SQUARED
      The SI derived unit for acceleration (m/s²). The unlocalized name is “metres per second squared”.
      Related units
      SI acceleration units: METRES_PER_SECOND_SQUARED.
      Non-SI units: GAL.
      Components: METRES_PER_SECOND ∕ SECOND
      Since:
      1.2

    • GAL

      public static final Unit<Acceleration> GAL
      Unit of measurement defined as 1/100 metres per second squared (1 cm/s²). This is a CGS unit (not a SI unit) used in geodesy and geophysics to express acceleration due to gravity. The system unit is METRES_PER_SECOND_SQUARED, the symbol is "Gal" (upper-case first letter) and the unlocalized name is “gal” (lower-case letter).
      Related units
      SI acceleration units: METRES_PER_SECOND_SQUARED.
      Non-SI units: GAL.
      Components: CENTIMETRE ∕ SECOND²
      Since:
      1.2

    • PASCAL

      public static final Unit<Pressure> PASCAL
      The SI derived unit for pressure (Pa). One pascal is equal to 1 N/m². Pressures are often used in parametric CRS for height measurements on a vertical axis. The unlocalized name is “pascal”.
      Related units
      SI pressure units: PASCAL, HECTOPASCAL.
      Non-SI units: DECIBAR, BAR, ATMOSPHERE.
      Components: NEWTON ∕ SQUARE_METRE
      Since:
      0.8

    • HECTOPASCAL

      public static final Unit<Pressure> HECTOPASCAL
      Unit of measurement defined as 100 pascals (1 hPa). The hectopascal is the international unit for measuring atmospheric or barometric pressure and is exactly equal to one millibar. The system unit is PASCAL and the unlocalized name is “hectopascal”.
      Related units
      SI pressure units: PASCAL, HECTOPASCAL.
      Non-SI units: DECIBAR, BAR, ATMOSPHERE.
      Components: NEWTON ∕ SQUARE_METRE
      Since:
      0.8

    • DECIBAR

      public static final Unit<Pressure> DECIBAR
      Unit of measurement defined as 10000 pascals (1 dbar). This unit is used in oceanography as there is an approximate numerical equivalence between pressure changes in decibars and depth changes in metres underwater. The system unit is PASCAL and the unlocalized name is “decibar”.
      Related units
      SI pressure units: PASCAL, HECTOPASCAL.
      Non-SI units: DECIBAR, BAR, ATMOSPHERE.
      Components: NEWTON ∕ SQUARE_METRE
      Since:
      0.8

    • BAR

      public static final Unit<Pressure> BAR
      Unit of measurement defined as 100000 pascals (1 bar). One bar is slightly less than the average atmospheric pressure on Earth at sea level. One millibar is exactly equal to one hectopascal. The system unit is PASCAL and the unlocalized name is “bar”.
      Related units
      SI pressure units: PASCAL, HECTOPASCAL.
      Non-SI units: DECIBAR, BAR, ATMOSPHERE.
      Components: NEWTON ∕ SQUARE_METRE
      Since:
      0.8

    • ATMOSPHERE

      public static final Unit<Pressure> ATMOSPHERE
      Unit of measurement defined as 101325 pascals (1 atm). One atmosphere reflects the pressure at the mean sea level for countries around 49°N of latitude. The system unit is PASCAL and the unlocalized name is “atmosphere”.
      Related units
      SI pressure units: PASCAL, HECTOPASCAL.
      Non-SI units: DECIBAR, BAR, ATMOSPHERE.
      Components: NEWTON ∕ SQUARE_METRE
      Since:
      0.8

    • NEWTON

      public static final Unit<Force> NEWTON
      The SI derived unit for force (N). One newton is the force required to give a mass of 1 kg an acceleration of 1 m/s². The unlocalized name is “newton”.
      Related units
      Components: KILOGRAM ⋅ METRES_PER_SECOND ∕ SECOND
      Derived units: PASCAL, JOULE, WATT.
      Since:
      0.8

    • JOULE

      public static final Unit<Energy> JOULE
      The SI derived unit for energy (J). The unlocalized name is “joule”.
      Related units
      Components: NEWTON ⋅ METRE
      Derived units: WATT.
      Since:
      0.8

    • WATT

      public static final Unit<Power> WATT
      The SI derived unit for power (W). One watt is equal to one joule per second. The unlocalized name is “watt”.
      Related units
      Components: JOULE ∕ SECOND
      Derived units: VOLT.
      Since:
      0.8

    • VOLT

      public static final Unit<ElectricPotential> VOLT
      The SI derived unit for electric potential difference (V). The unlocalized name is “volt”.
      Related units
      Components: WATT ∕ AMPERE
      Derived units: FARAD, OHM, SIEMENS, WEBER.
      Since:
      0.8

    • AMPERE

      public static final Unit<ElectricCurrent> AMPERE
      The SI base unit for electric current (A). The unlocalized name is “ampere”.
      Related units
      Derived units: COULOMB, VOLT, OHM, SIEMENS, HENRY.
      Since:
      0.8

    • COULOMB

      public static final Unit<ElectricCharge> COULOMB
      The SI derived unit for electric charge (C). One coulomb is the charge transferred by a current of one ampere during one second. The unlocalized name is “coulomb”.
      Related units
      Components: AMPERE ⋅ SECOND
      Derived units: FARAD.
      Since:
      0.8

    • FARAD

      public static final Unit<ElectricCapacitance> FARAD
      The SI derived unit for electric capacitance (F). The unlocalized name is “farad”.
      Related units
      Components: COULOMB ∕ VOLT
      Since:
      0.8

    • OHM

      public static final Unit<ElectricResistance> OHM
      The SI derived unit for electric resistance (Ω). This is the inverse of electric conductance. The unlocalized name is “ohm”.
      Related units
      Components: VOLT ∕ AMPERE
      Derived units: SIEMENS.
      Since:
      0.8

    • SIEMENS

      public static final Unit<ElectricConductance> SIEMENS
      The SI derived unit for electric conductance (S). This is the inverse of electric resistance. The unlocalized name is “siemens”.
      Related units
      Components: AMPERE ∕ VOLT
      Derived units: OHM.
      Since:
      0.8

    • WEBER

      public static final Unit<MagneticFlux> WEBER
      The SI derived unit for magnetic flux (Wb). The unlocalized name is “weber”.
      Related units
      Components: VOLT ⋅ SECOND
      Derived units: TESLA, HENRY.
      Since:
      0.8

    • TESLA

      public static final Unit<MagneticFluxDensity> TESLA
      The SI derived unit for magnetic flux density (T). The unlocalized name is “tesla”.
      Related units
      Components: WEBER ∕ SQUARE_METRE
      Since:
      0.8

    • HENRY

      public static final Unit<ElectricInductance> HENRY
      The SI derived unit for inductance (H). The unlocalized name is “henry”.
      Related units
      Components: WEBER ∕ AMPERE
      Since:
      0.8

    • KELVIN

      public static final Unit<Temperature> KELVIN
      The SI base unit for thermodynamic temperature (K). The unlocalized name is “kelvin”.
      Related units
      SI temperature units: KELVIN.
      Non-SI units: CELSIUS, FAHRENHEIT.
      Since:
      0.8

    • CELSIUS

      public static final Unit<Temperature> CELSIUS
      Unit of measurement defined as the temperature in Kelvin minus 273.15. The symbol is °C and the unlocalized name is “Celsius”. Note that this is the only SI unit with an upper-case letter in its name.
      Related units
      SI temperature units: KELVIN.
      Non-SI units: CELSIUS, FAHRENHEIT.
      Since:
      0.8

    • FAHRENHEIT

      public static final Unit<Temperature> FAHRENHEIT
      Unit of measurement defined as 1.8 degree Celsius plus 32. The symbol is °F and the unlocalized name is “Fahrenheit” (note the upper-case "F" letter).
      Related units
      SI temperature units: KELVIN.
      Non-SI units: CELSIUS, FAHRENHEIT.
      Since:
      0.8

    • CANDELA

      public static final Unit<LuminousIntensity> CANDELA
      The SI base unit for luminous intensity (cd). The unlocalized name is “candela”.
      Related units
      Derived units: LUMEN, LUX.
      Since:
      0.8

    • LUMEN

      public static final Unit<LuminousFlux> LUMEN
      The SI derived unit for luminous flux (lm). The unlocalized name is “lumen”.
      Related units
      Components: CANDELA ⋅ STERADIAN
      Derived units: LUX.
      Since:
      0.8

    • LUX

      public static final Unit<Illuminance> LUX
      The SI derived unit for illuminance (lx). The unlocalized name is “lux”.
      Related units
      Components: LUX ∕ SQUARE_METRE
      Since:
      0.8

    • GRAM

      public static final Unit<Mass> GRAM
      A SI conventional unit for mass (g). The unlocalized name is “gram”.
      Since:
      0.8

    • KILOGRAM

      public static final Unit<Mass> KILOGRAM
      The SI base unit for mass (kg). The unlocalized name is “kilogram”.
      Since:
      0.8

    • MOLE

      public static final Unit<AmountOfSubstance> MOLE
      The SI base unit for amount of substance (mol). The unlocalized name is “mole”.
      Since:
      0.8

    • BECQUEREL

      public static final Unit<Radioactivity> BECQUEREL
      The SI derived unit for radioactivity (Bq). The unlocalized name is “becquerel”.
      Related units
      Components:SECOND-1
      Non-SI units: CURIE.
      Since:
      1.4

    • CURIE

      public static final Unit<Radioactivity> CURIE
      Unit of measurement defined as 3.7 × 10¹⁰ becquerel The symbol is Ci and the unlocalized name is “curie”.
      Related units
      Components:SECOND-1
      SI radioactivity units: BECQUEREL.
      Since:
      1.4

    • UNITY

      public static final Unit<Dimensionless> UNITY
      The base dimensionless unit for scale measurements. The unlocalized name is “unity” and the identifier is EPSG:9201. This is the base of all other scale units: PERCENT (%), PPM (ppm) and PIXEL (px) among others.
      Since:
      0.8

    • PERCENT

      public static final Unit<Dimensionless> PERCENT
      Dimensionless unit for percentages (%). The system unit is UNITY and the unlocalized name is “percentage”.
      Since:
      0.8
      See Also:

    • PPM

      public static final Unit<Dimensionless> PPM
      Dimensionless unit for parts per million (ppm). The system unit is UNITY, the unlocalized name is “parts per million” and the identifier is EPSG:9202.
      Since:
      0.3
      See Also:

    • DECIBEL

      public static final Unit<Dimensionless> DECIBEL
      Sub-division of logarithm of ratio of the measured quantity to a reference quantity (dB).
      Since:
      1.0

    • PSU

      public static final Unit<Salinity> PSU
      Salinity measured using PSS-78. While this is a dimensionless measurement, the "psu" symbol is sometimes added to PSS-78 measurement. However, this is officially discouraged.
      Since:
      0.8

    • PIXEL

      public static final Unit<Dimensionless> PIXEL
      Dimensionless unit for pixels (px). The unlocalized name is “pixel”. This unity should not be confused with POINT, which is approximately equal to 1/72 of inch.
      See Also:

  • Method Details

    • isAngular

      public static boolean isAngular(Unit<?> unit)
      Returns true if the given unit is a linear unit. Linear units are convertible to DEGREE.

      Angular units are dimensionless, which may be a cause of confusion with other dimensionless units like UNITY or PPM. This method take care of differentiating angular units from other dimensionless units.

      Parameters:
      unit - the unit to check (may be null).
      Returns:
      true if the given unit is non-null and angular.
      See Also:

    • isLinear

      public static boolean isLinear(Unit<?> unit)
      Returns true if the given unit is a linear unit. Linear units are convertible to METRE.
      Parameters:
      unit - the unit to check (may be null).
      Returns:
      true if the given unit is non-null and linear.
      See Also:

    • isPressure

      public static boolean isPressure(Unit<?> unit)
      Returns true if the given unit is a pressure unit. Pressure units are convertible to PASCAL. Those units are sometimes used instead of linear units for altitude measurements.
      Parameters:
      unit - the unit to check (may be null).
      Returns:
      true if the given unit is non-null and a pressure unit.

    • isTemporal

      public static boolean isTemporal(Unit<?> unit)
      Returns true if the given unit is a temporal unit. Temporal units are convertible to SECOND.
      Parameters:
      unit - the unit to check (may be null).
      Returns:
      true if the given unit is non-null and temporal.
      See Also:

    • isScale

      public static boolean isScale(Unit<?> unit)
      Returns true if the given unit is a dimensionless scale unit. This include UNITY and PPM.
      Parameters:
      unit - the unit to check (may be null).
      Returns:
      true if the given unit is non-null and a dimensionless scale.
      See Also:

    • ensureAngular

      public static Unit<Angle> ensureAngular(Unit<?> unit) throws IllegalArgumentException
      Makes sure that the specified unit is either null or an angular unit. This method is used for argument checks in constructors and setter methods.
      Parameters:
      unit - the unit to check, or null if none.
      Returns:
      the given unit argument, which may be null.
      Throws:
      Illegal­Argument­Exception - if unit is non-null and not an angular unit.
      See Also:

    • ensureLinear

      public static Unit<Length> ensureLinear(Unit<?> unit) throws IllegalArgumentException
      Makes sure that the specified unit is either null or a linear unit. This method is used for argument checks in constructors and setter methods.
      Parameters:
      unit - the unit to check, or null if none.
      Returns:
      the given unit argument, which may be null.
      Throws:
      Illegal­Argument­Exception - if unit is non-null and not a linear unit.
      See Also:

    • ensureTemporal

      public static Unit<Time> ensureTemporal(Unit<?> unit) throws IllegalArgumentException
      Makes sure that the specified unit is either null or a temporal unit. This method is used for argument checks in constructors and setter methods.
      Parameters:
      unit - the unit to check, or null if none.
      Returns:
      the given unit argument, which may be null.
      Throws:
      Illegal­Argument­Exception - if unit is non-null and not a temporal unit.
      See Also:

    • ensureScale

      public static Unit<Dimensionless> ensureScale(Unit<?> unit) throws IllegalArgumentException
      Makes sure that the specified unit is either null or a scale unit. This method is used for argument checks in constructors and setter methods.
      Parameters:
      unit - the unit to check, or null if none.
      Returns:
      the given unit argument, which may be null.
      Throws:
      Illegal­Argument­Exception - if unit is non-null and not a scale unit.
      See Also:

    • multiply

      public static <Q extends Quantity<Q>> Unit<Q> multiply(Unit<Q> unit, double numerator, double denominator)
      Multiplies the given unit by the given ratio. For example, multiplying CENTIMETRE by 254/100 gives INCH. Invoking this method is equivalent to invoking Unit​.multiply(numerator / denominator) except that the use of a ration of integer values help Apache SIS to improve accuracy when more than one arithmetic operation are chained.
      Type Parameters:
      Q - the quantity measured by the unit.
      Parameters:
      unit - the unit to multiply.
      numerator - the numerator of the multiplication factor.
      denominator - the denominator of the multiplication factor.
      Returns:
      the unit multiplied by the given factor.
      Since:
      0.8

    • toStandardUnit

      public static <Q extends Quantity<Q>> double toStandardUnit(Unit<Q> unit)
      Returns the factor by which to multiply the standard unit in order to get the given unit. The "standard" unit is usually the SI unit on which the given unit is based, as given by Unit​.get­System­Unit().

      If the given unit is null or if the conversion to the "standard" unit cannot be expressed by a single multiplication factor, then this method returns Double​.Na­N.

      Example

      If the given unit is KILOMETRE, then this method returns 1000 since a measurement in kilometres must be multiplied by 1000 in order to give the equivalent measurement in the "standard" units (here METRE).
      Type Parameters:
      Q - the quantity measured by the unit, or null.
      Parameters:
      unit - the unit for which we want the multiplication factor to standard unit, or null.
      Returns:
      the factor by which to multiply a measurement in the given unit in order to get an equivalent measurement in the standard unit, or NaN if the conversion cannot be expressed by a scale factor.

    • converter

      public static UnitConverter converter(Number scale, Number offset)
      Creates a linear converter from the given scale and offset.
      Parameters:
      scale - the scale factor, or null if none (default value of 1).
      offset - the offset, or null if none (default value of 0).
      Returns:
      a converter for the given scale and offset.
      Since:
      1.0
      See Also:

    • coefficients

      @OptionalCandidate public static Number[] coefficients(UnitConverter converter)
      Returns the coefficients of the given converter expressed as a polynomial equation. This method returns the first of the following choices that apply:
      • If the given converter is identity, returns an empty array.
      • If the given converter shifts the values without scaling them (for example the conversion from Kelvin to Celsius degrees), returns an array of length 1 containing only the offset.
      • If the given converter scales the values (optionally in addition to shifting them), returns an array of length 2 containing the offset and scale factor, in that order.
      This method returns null if it cannot get the polynomial equation coefficients from the given converter.
      Parameters:
      converter - the converter from which to get the coefficients of the polynomial equation, or null.
      Returns:
      the polynomial equation coefficients (may be any length, including zero), or null if the given converter is null or if this method cannot get the coefficients.
      Since:
      0.8

    • derivative

      public static double derivative(UnitConverter converter, double value)
      Returns the derivative of the given converter at the given value, or Na­N if this method cannot compute it.
      Parameters:
      converter - the converter for which we want the derivative at a given point, or null.
      value - the point at which to compute the derivative. Ignored (can be Double​.Na­N) if the conversion is linear.
      Returns:
      the derivative at the given point, or Na­N if unknown.
      See Also:

    • valueOf

      public static Unit<?> valueOf(String uom) throws MeasurementParseException
      Parses the given symbol. Invoking this method is equivalent to invoking Unit­Format​.parse(Char­Sequence) on a shared locale-independent instance. This method is capable to handle some symbols found during WKT parsing or in XML files. The list of symbols supported by this method is implementation-dependent and may change in future SIS versions.

      Parsing authority codes

      If the given uom arguments is of the form "EPSG:####", "urn:ogc:def:uom:EPSG:####" or "http://www​.opengis​.net/def/uom/EPSG/0/####" (ignoring case and whitespaces around separators), then "####" is parsed as an integer and forwarded to the value­Of­EPSG(int) method.

      Note on netCDF unit symbols

      In netCDF files, values of "unit" attribute are concatenations of an angular unit with an axis direction, as in "degrees_east" or "degrees_north". This value­Of(…) method ignores those suffixes and unconditionally returns DEGREE for all axis directions.
      Parameters:
      uom - the symbol to parse, or null.
      Returns:
      the parsed symbol, or null if uom was null.
      Throws:
      Measurement­Parse­Exception - if the given symbol cannot be parsed.
      See Also:

    • valueOfEPSG

      @OptionalCandidate public static Unit<?> valueOfEPSG(int code)
      Returns a hard-coded unit from an EPSG code. The code argument given to this method shall be a code identifying a record in the "Unit of Measure" table of the EPSG geodetic dataset. If this method does not recognize the given code, then it returns null.

      The list of units recognized by this method is not exhaustive. This method recognizes the base units declared in the TARGET_UOM_CODE column of the above-cited table, and some frequently-used units. The list of recognized units may be updated in any future version of SIS.

      The EPSGData­Access class uses this method for fetching the base units, and derives automatically other units from the information found in the EPSG database. This method is also used by other classes not directly related to the EPSG database, like Common­Authority­Factory which uses EPSG codes for identifying units.

      The currently recognized values are:

      EPSG codes for units
      Angular units
      CodeUnit
      9101radian
      9102decimal degree
      9103minute
      9104second
      9105grad
      9107degree-minute-second
      9108degree-minute-second
      9109microradian
      9110sexagesimal degree-minute-second
      9111sexagesimal degree-minute
      9122decimal degree
      Linear units
      CodeUnit
      1025millimetre
      1033centimetre
      9001metre
      9002foot
      9003US survey foot
      9030nautical mile
      9036kilometre
      9093statute mile
      Time units
      CodeUnit
      1029year
      1040second
      Scale units
      CodeUnit
      9201unity
      9202parts per million
      9203unity

      Axis units special case

      EPSG uses code 9102 (degree) for prime meridian and coordinate operation parameters, and code 9122 (degree (supplier to define representation)) for coordinate system axes. But Apache SIS considers those two codes as synonymous.
      Parameters:
      code - the EPSG code for a unit of measurement.
      Returns:
      the unit, or null if the code is unrecognized.
      See Also:

    • getEpsgCode

      @OptionalCandidate public static Integer getEpsgCode(Unit<?> unit, boolean inAxis)
      Returns the EPSG code of the given units, or null if unknown. This method is the converse of value­Of­EPSG(int).

      The same unit may be represented by different EPSG codes depending on the context:

      • EPSG:9102 – degree – is used for prime meridian and coordinate operation parameters.
      • EPSG:9122 – degree (supplier to define representation) – is used for coordinate system axes.
      When such choice exists, the code to return is determined by the in­Axis argument, which specifies whether the code will be used for axis definition or in other context.
      Parameters:
      unit - the unit for which to get the EPSG code.
      in­Axis - true for a unit used in Coordinate System Axis definition.
      Returns:
      the EPSG code of the given units, or null if unknown.
      Since:
      0.4
      See Also: